Intercepting Ballistic Missiles: Understanding the Challenges of Navigation and Interception in the Face of GPS Jamming

In response to the recent missile strikes, Dr. Manshari explains that the missiles that landed in the area are ballistic missiles that do not require GPS systems. These missiles are directed before launch and follow an arcing trajectory above the atmosphere back to Earth until they reach their target. Unlike hovercraft or cruise missiles that rely on GPS systems to fly and change direction, ballistic missiles have a pre-programmed trajectory that is not affected by GPS jams.

According to Dr. Manshari, it is known that GPS-based missiles and UAVs fired at the country were intercepted outside its territory, with most of their trajectories being jammed. Interceptions depend on the interceptors fired at the incoming missiles. After intercepting missiles that breached the territory, remnants of IDF interceptor missiles and parts of the destroyed missiles landed on the ground, prompting the Home Front Command to advise remaining in protected areas.

Interceptors use radar systems to send out radio signals that bounce off objects, whether stationary or in motion. These signals return to the antenna located near the launch system, which decodes the position of the object. Interceptors do not rely on GPS for navigation and interception of missile threats. Disrupting a ballistic missile is challenging as it follows a pre-programmed trajectory based on engine timing and fin direction. Once the missile’s engine stops working, it descends back to Earth, making interception critical.

The GPS system in Israel is American and covers the entire planet, with other limited systems available from Russia, China, Japan, India, and Europe. There are two known GPS jamming systems: one emits loud noise to disrupt GPS reception in a specific area while another imitates satellite signals to deceive navigation systems. Countries like Iran and Jordan also activate GPS jamming, posing a challenge to navigation systems.

To navigate effectively during GPS disturbances, it is advised to download routes in advance using mapping applications, input one’s location manually using apps such as Google Maps or Waze Maps, ensure accurate address details for food ordering apps such as Uber Eats or DoorDash, verify location integrity before using dating apps such as Tinder or Bumble.

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