Japan is leading the way in Asia with its structured technical training, thanks to its strong science universities and new funding programs aimed at attracting more women. However, the country faces a major challenge due to its shrinking population, which has led to a labor shortage and difficulties in finding workers, particularly in craft and industrial professions.
Despite not being at the top of international comparisons for graduates of natural sciences, mathematics, and engineering studies, Japan’s focus on monozukuri (making things) and vocational training sets it apart. The government has been working on enhancing STEM training under the “Society 5.0” initiative since 2016 and has introduced new visa regulations and partnered with foreign manufacturers to introduce dual training programs.
Japan’s early emphasis on mathematics and manual skills, along with a strong tie between schools and companies, provides a solid foundation for vocational education in the country. However, challenges remain as the labor shortage grows and innovation rankings slip. To address these issues, Japan is working towards systemic reforms to promote invention in education and alleviate the shortage of skilled workers. There is a particular focus on attracting more women to STEM fields as there is more room than others to increase female participation in these areas. By bridging the gap between the traditional education system and new demands, Japan is aiming to maintain its competitive edge in the global economy.